![]() ![]() It was found that supervised techniques (random forest, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and support vector machines (SVM) were tested), which are unable to classify unknown classes by their nature, assigned irrelevant objects to one of the given classes of relevant objects. ![]() Several methods for object classification were tested, where particular emphasis was put on recognition of unknown classes and handling of irrelevant „unclassifiable“ objects. The method presented is the combined outcome of a biocrust-related ecological project and a Horizon2020 COST action on multimodal imaging in forensic science. The samples represented the sandy substrate, an algal biocrust dominated by Zygogonium ericetorum, a moss crust dominated by Polytrichum piliferum, and a mixed biocrust composed of both Z. A detailed description of the sampling site is given by. The study site was a catena from the mobile part of an inland dune to dry acidic grassland dominated by Corynephorus canescens and located near Lieberose, Brandenburg, northeast Germany (51★5′49″N, 14☂2′22″E). Based on their finding that only the first few principal component image bands contain significant information, this study aimed at elucidating the feasibility of biocrust classification by manual selection of spectral features in PCA ordination plots. The method proposed refers to Rodarmel and Shan who suggested principal component analysis for preprocessing of hyperspectral images. There was no attempt so far in the literature to use multispectral PCA classification of biocrusts in high-resolution images. High-resolution VIS-NIR spectroscopy was employed to study the influence of wetting on cyanolichen-dominated biocrusts in a non-imaging approach. Non-spectral unsupervised principal component analysis (PCA) classification of biocrusts has indicated that the development of the microbial community was affected at multiple scales, including biocrust successional stage, seasonal effect and the micro-geomorphology. However, a common problem with linear spectral mixture analysis (SMA) remains when the number of spectral endmembers is greater than the number actually required to unmix an individual pixel in the scene. propose support vector machines (SVM) for supervised classification of biocrusts from hyperspectral remote sensing data. All spectral indices well reflect crust activity or biomass but are not specific enough to differentiate between different crust types, like lichen, cyanobacterial, algal or moss biocrusts. To overcome this disadvantage, several more specific spectral indices have been proposed for biocrusts, like the crust index (CI, respectively ), the brightness index (BI ) or the biological soil crust index (BSCI ), where biocrusts are characterized by typical ranges of respective index values. ![]() For biocrusts, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI ) has been proposed however, high NDVI values of wet biocrusts may be misinterpreted as vascular plant vegetation dynamics whereas dry biocrusts only gained negligible NDVI values. It's not on the level of CUBE but I do appreciate the fact that they did something different instead of just doing a slavish copy for a sequel.The multispectral approach in remote sensing typically includes the estimation of spectral indices. The special effects are very average on a low budget but as usual it's the ideas which make this film work. There are some good twists here, especially with the climax that heads into the fourth dimension, although with a little blood and death for people who like that kind of thing. There's lots of tension and interplay between the various characters, as before, and I liked the acting from the unknown cast which carries the story along. Instead the characters must figure out a way to escape from their prison and to avoid the impending death which follows them at all times. Although a number of characters are once again trapped inside a cube, the emphasis this time around isn't on solving puzzles and avoiding traps. CUBE 2: HYPERCUBE is a straightforward sequel to the first film, with significant changes that make a difference. The first film is obviously the best, vicious and exciting in its simplicity, while the third, CUBE ZERO, is an interesting idea that takes the form of a prequel. I admit to being a huge fan of the CUBE trilogy.
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